Reference list:

1. Jeffery A.Hoffer, Mary B.Prescott, Fred R.mcFradden, ‘Modern Database Management’, Pearson, Prentice Hall, Australia, 7th edition

Summary: There is very much use full information in this book .

2. Pei, Daniel, Object Oriented Analysis and Design, Information Systems Management, Jan 2003,Vol 12

Summary:  This book is useful in obtaining informatioon about the DFD and ERD.

3. McDermid (Ed.) (1991). The Software Engineer’s Reference Book. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.

Summary: This book is useful in obtaining informatioon about the DFD and ERD.

5. Chasman , Shelly G, T & Rosenblatt, H 2007, Systems analysis and design, 7th edition, Thomson Course Technology, Boston.

Summary:  This book is useful in obtaining informatioon about the DFD and ERD.

6. Scoot Amber, Object Oriented Approach to Analysis, July 2000, Vol 15.

Summary: This book is useful in obtaining informatioon about the DFD and ERD. .

PROCESS NUMBER: 0.

PURPOSE: TO PROVIDE  A DVD TO CUSTOMER ON REQUEST.

INPUT DATA FLOWS: ORDER FOR DVD, DVD AVAILABILITY RESULT,CASH REQUST.

OUTPUT DATA FLOWS: CHECK AVAILABILITY OF DVD, RESULT,  DELIVERY DVD.

PROCESS DESCRIPTION: WHEN THE CUSTOMER ARRIVES TO THE DVD SHOP( i.e. DVD RENTAL SYSTEM) CUSTOMER  ORDERS AN DVD. THEN THE DVD RENTAL SYSTEM CHECKS WHETHER THE ORDERED DVD IS AVAILABLE OR NOT.IF DVD IS AVAILABLE,THEN THEY DELIVER DVD AFTER THE CASH PAYMENT.

The four maintainance tasks are

1. corrective maintainance.

2. Adaptive maintainance

3. Perfective maintainance.

4. Preventive maintainance.

Corrective maintainance:  1. Corrects errors in operational system

2. Resolves issues created by previous maintainance changes.

Adaptive Maintainance: 1. Gives a new feature or capability to operational system nad makes the system easier  to use

2. Needed when ther are business environment changes.

Perfective maintainance: 1. Changes an operational system to make it more efficient and reliable

2. Used by IT departments

Preventive maintainance: 1. Requires analysis in areas where trouble is likely to occur

2. Also used by IT departments

3. Results in user satisfaction, decreased downtime and reduced TCO

The four possible approaches are

1. Direct cutover

2. Parellel operation

3. Pilot operation

4 . Phased operation

Direct cutcver: This approach cause change over from old system to newer system when the new  system is operational. Timing is important when using this strategy

Advantages: It is a least expensive approach

Disadvantages: 1. untested data in this approach creates some difficulties

2. this approch can be used only for commercial software packages and only for non critical solutions

Parellel operation:  Here both new and ols systems are operated fully for a specific period and data is input to both  systems and output obtained from the new system is compared with e quivalent output from the old system

Advantages: 1. lower risk

Disadvantages: 1.Expensive approach

Pilot operation: It is combination of both direct cutover and parellel operation approaches. here the new system is implemented in a particular location called pilotsite and if the new system proves succesfull at that location, the new system is implemented in the rest of the organization.

Advantages: lower risk and less expensive than parellel operation approach.

Phased operation: Here in this approach we implement new system in stages or phases. we use the above three approaches for implementing these sub systems

Advantages: 1. low risk .

2. less expensive

DIsadvantages: 1. Actually it is not possible to use this approach as it is difficult to seperate a system into segments

It is easy to handle  both the assignment 1 and assignment 2,but comparitively assignment 2  is little bit difficult as it is having essay part in it. Even we cant say its a difficult task, but the thing is its a time consuming one.

What was difficult about it and how would you suggest it could be improved?

As the essay is about two topics  namely process models and data models, its difficult to get 2500 words regarding those two topics. It would be better to ask for more topcs with the same limited words. so we can gain knowledge regarding other topics too.

Name three (3) things you learnt this term in COIS20025?

1. we came to know different system developing techniques and how they are helpful in developing a new system

2. To draw DFD and ER diagram for an organisation in order to develop a new system.

3.   Totally we learned system analysis, system design and implementation and and about system operations and security and finally about system analyst,s toolkit from COIS20025

What career are you working towards?

As a system analyst in good busniess organisation.

How will you be able to use the knowledge and skills learnt in this course in your future career?

In this course we gained knowledge about system analyzing, system desinging and system maintainance which helps us in our future career.

Data modelling and process modelling techniques are modelling tools for developing a system.

These two techniques are used to  develop a feasible and efficient system. Data management is other important factor which is common in both of these techiniques.

Name one way that data and process modelling are different. Explain how they are different?

Both of thse techniques are used by system analyst for designing a new system but the difference between these techniques is the way they follow to present the data or information of the organisation . The information thus presented is used by system analyst for developing a new system.

Data modelling technique mainly concentrates on data elements and their relation where as process modelling technique concentrate on data elements and the process too.

Entity relationship diagram is a popular data modelling technique which uses three elements to represent the data.They are

1. Entities

2. Attributes

3. Relationships

Data flow digaram is an  process modelling technique which uses 4 elements . They are

1. processes

2. Data flows

3. Data stores

4. Entities

Data modelling is the proces of craeting data models.Data models helps in describing data structures and designs. Data models describe how data is reperesented and accessed. Entity relationship diagram technique is the one of the popolar data modelling technique. Here data objects like entities and attributes are defined and relation between them is also defined.

process modelling

process modelling is a part of modelling tool in system development. A process model describes the logic that programmers use to write code modules. Procees modelling use data flow diagram technique. Data flow diagram defines what the system does but not describes how the system does.this technique shows how the data moves through an information system.

system Analyst use find finding techniques before developing an system,some of the fact finding techniques aredocument review,observation questionaries and surveys,sampling and reserach

Document review

Document review helps  in understanding the current system..we need to obtain document samples during interview and we need to review the documentation of the software ,if there is software package for the system. thus document reviewhelps in developng a new system which helps in both data and process modelling

observation

observation of the present system gives us better understanding of system procedures. personal observation helps us to determine whether system documentation and interview statements are correct or not. Observation on documentation and system procedures helps a system analyst in both data modelling and process modelling

Qustionaries and surveys

Qustionaries  is a type of surveys used in obtaining information about wide range of topics nad opinions from the individuals of how the job could be done for efficient results. Questionaries helps in both data models and process models for developing a new system.

sampling

Sample is nothing but the example of actual documents which includes records,operational logos,data entry documentsand other forms.. sampling techniques include systematic sampling, startified sampling and random sampling. This sampling technique mainly used in data modelling

Research

research technique include internet,magzines and books for gaining background information nad news regarding the industry and developments. This technique helps in finidng information about the system and helps in developing a new system,

BHSSRS is facing a problem in storing and maintaining student records. The information about the students is stored in three different formats like MS-Acess, MS-excel, MS-word. As the data is stored in three different formats, it is difficult to do analysis and filter out the useful information and at the same time the information stored is inconsistent,incomplete and duplicated in may ways as there is no integrated system.

• What information do you need to find out about the BHSSRS to develop a detailed understanding of the current system?

The information about the students like their names, gender, DOB, date of enrolment, subjects allocated, grade obtained in each subject, fees details and details regarding the library book hold for each student etc and at the same time the information regarding the school staff like name of the teachers, subjects allocated to them, salary of the staff members and any other information about students and staff is required to develop a student record system.